"Yugoslavia": Building Democratic Institutions

"Yugoslavia": Building Democratic Institutions

Wednesday, April 14, 1999

By: Daniel Serwer;  Lauren Van Metre;  Kristine Hermann;  Jenet Redfern

This report was written before the NATO air campaign began against the "Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" ("FRY") on March 24, 1999. Some of the contents of this report, however, remain important regardless of the outcome of the current conflict. The profound need for democratization throughout the "FRY" to ensure long-term stability in the region has been made clearer in these past few weeks. Summary The possibility of finding solutions to the "Federal Republic of Yugoslavia's" long...

Type: Special Report

NATO at Fifty: New Challenges, Future Uncertainties

NATO at Fifty: New Challenges, Future Uncertainties

Monday, March 22, 1999

By: Andrew J. Pierre

Summary NATO's Fiftieth Anniversary Summit on April 23-25, 1999, will be the largest meeting of heads of state and government ever held in Washington, with 44 countries represented. Despite promises of an "open door" to NATO membership and the expectation that a second tranche would be announced, none of the current nine "aspirants" are slated to be invited, nor will a date for the second round be announced.

Type: Special Report

A New Approach to Peace in Sudan: Report on a USIP Consultation

A New Approach to Peace in Sudan: Report on a USIP Consultation

Thursday, February 25, 1999

By: David R. Smock

Summary It is time to rethink a peace strategy to end the civil war in Sudan. Although the peace initiative launched by the Inter-Governmental Authority for Development (IGAD) in 1993 showed some initially promising results, the military situation is now stalemated, famine has plagued large sections of the South, and the IGAD mediation process has brought no recent results. The consultation concluded that: The IGAD process needs to remain the vehicle for mediation and negotiatio...

Type: Special Report

Thinking Out Loud: Policies Toward Iraq

Thinking Out Loud: Policies Toward Iraq

Wednesday, February 17, 1999

By: Jon B. Alterman

In the face of persistent crises between Iraq and the international community over Iraq's failure to comply with international agreements governing its chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons development programs, the United States Institute of Peace convened a study group to understand better what options exist to deal with the threats that Iraq poses.

Type: Special Report

Southern Mexico: Counterinsurgency and Electoral Politics

Southern Mexico: Counterinsurgency and Electoral Politics

Wednesday, January 27, 1999

By: Michael W. Foley

Summary... Current rebellions in southern Mexico represent clear challenges to the power of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), which has dominated Mexican politics since 1929 and spring from citizen outrage at the abuse of power by the PRI, particularly at the local level. The current government's strategy has combined conciliatory gestures with military counterinsurgency operations and dialogue in attempts to buy support through generous public works projects, with l...

Type: Special Report

Conflict Analysis & Prevention

Montenegro—And More—At Risk

Montenegro—And More—At Risk

Monday, January 11, 1999

By: Daniel Serwer;  Lauren Van Metre;  James Rae

Summary The threat of an attack on Montenegro by President Slobodan Milosevic's regime is increasingly likely and may take any form ranging from an indirect "constitutional" coup to a more direct attempt to enlist pro-Milosevic forces in Montenegro in acts of violence against the democratic regime. Although Montenegro remains a politically divided society, it is making great strides toward establishing inclusive political and social institutions.

Type: Special Report

The Genocide Convention at Fifty

The Genocide Convention at Fifty

Thursday, January 7, 1999

By: William Schabas

Summary On September 2, 1998, the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda issued its first conviction for genocide, condemning a Rwandan mayor, Jean-Paul Akayesu, for directing and inciting local mobs to the rape and murder of innocent Tutsi victims. The tribunal's companion, which deals with war crimes committed in the former Yugoslavia, is currently proceeding with its first indictment for genocide. In October 1998, a Spanish prosecutor sought the extradition of General Augusto Pinoch...

Type: Special Report

Bosnia Report Card: Pass, Fail, or Incomplete?

Bosnia Report Card: Pass, Fail, or Incomplete?

Friday, December 11, 1998

By: John Menzies;  Lauren Van Metre;  Burcu Akan;  Kristine Herrmann

Throughout 1998 the United States Institute of Peace hosted a series of meetings of its Balkans Working Group to evaluate the implementation of the Dayton Peace Accords.

Type: Special Report

The Taliban and Afghanistan: Implications for Regional Security and Options for International Action

The Taliban and Afghanistan: Implications for Regional Security and Options for International Action

Sunday, November 1, 1998

By: Namahashri Tavana;  Patrick Cronin;  Jon Alterman

The United States Institute of Peace and the Middle East Institute cosponsored a Current Issues Briefing to explore the regional and security ramifications of the Taliban movement's consolidation of power in Afghanistan. After twenty years of war that has ravaged Afghanistan, peace remains elusive, and leaders in adjacent countries and the international community face a dearth of options. In addition to persistent and credible reports of abysmal human rights violations in Afghanistan, the cou...

Type: Special Report

Religion

Mistrust and the Korean Peninsula: Dangers of Miscalculation

Mistrust and the Korean Peninsula: Dangers of Miscalculation

Friday, October 30, 1998

By: William M. Drennan

An unwillingness to challenge North Korea now with a more concerted diplomatic and deterrence policy, lest it precipitate a repeat of the 1994 crisis, risks being confronted later by a qualitatively different North Korean military threat. There is a significant danger of miscalculation: while previous North Korean induced crises have strengthened Pyongyang's negotiating leverage in general and perhaps the Korean People's Army's strong hold on power in particular, there is a serious risk that ...

Type: Special Report