Pakistan’s expression of alarm at President Obama’s recent visit to India became another example of how relations between the two South Asian nations have turned increasingly sour in the past year. On February 9, the U.S. Institute of Peace hosted a panel discussion to explore the deteriorating India-Pakistan ties and the ramifications for the region and beyond.

IP

Ties between India and Pakistan showed tentative signs of warming in late 2013 and early 2014. But optimistic calls for trade liberalization and diplomatic dialogue have given way to escalating tensions between the two nuclear-armed neighbors over how to address terrorism and the disputed territory of Kashmir. Foreign secretary-level talks have been scuttled, and exchanges of fire left at least 10 people dead and thousands displaced along the Line of Control in late December and early January.

Then, in the wake of Obama’s talks with Indian leaders, Pakistan’s foreign ministry issued a statement, saying efforts by the United States and India to strengthen their partnership, particularly in nuclear cooperation, could disrupt the South Asian strategic balance. The USIP panel looked ahead at future implications for India, Pakistan and the broader region, and the means by which the bilateral relationship might be put back on track. Continue the conversation on Twitter with #USIPIndoPak.

Speakers

Sadanand Dhume
Fellow, American Enterprise Institute

Dana Marshall
President, Transnational Strategy Group

Siddiq Wahid
Senior Fellow, Centre for Policy Research

Moeed Yusuf, Moderator
Director of South Asia Programs, U.S. Institute of Peace

Related Publications

A Threshold Alliance: The China-Pakistan Military Relationship

A Threshold Alliance: The China-Pakistan Military Relationship

Wednesday, March 22, 2023

By: Sameer P. Lalwani, Ph.D.

Geopolitical shifts in South Asia over the past decade, driven by sharper US-China competition, a precipitous decline in China-India relations, and the 2021 withdrawal of US forces from Afghanistan, have pushed the Chinese and Pakistani militaries closer together. The countries’ armies and navies are increasingly sharing equipment, engaging in more sophisticated joint exercises, and interacting more closely through staff and officer exchanges. Yet, as this report concludes, a full China-Pakistan alliance is not inevitable, as Chinese missteps and other sources of friction could slow its consummation.

Type: Special Report

Conflict Analysis & Prevention

Rethinking US-Pakistan Relations in the Age of Great Power Competition

Rethinking US-Pakistan Relations in the Age of Great Power Competition

Friday, March 10, 2023

By: Hamza Ijaz;  Imran Khan;  Maryam Kiyani;  Adnan Rafiq

As the United States and Pakistan approach 75 years of bilateral engagement, the relationship between the two countries is at a critical crossroads. While viewing the US-Pakistan relationship exclusively through the security lens seems to be untenable, the road ahead, in the broader context of the Afghanistan withdrawal and great power competition, remains murky. Nevertheless, there exists a willingness on both sides to avoid the lows of the 1990s even if the highs of the 1980s or 2000s are not possible.

Type: Discussion Paper

In Pakistan, Women Police Push for Gender Equality

In Pakistan, Women Police Push for Gender Equality

Thursday, March 9, 2023

By: Amna Kayani;  Jumaina Siddiqui

In Pakistan, few institutions epitomize the connection between power and male dominance better than the police. Even after a decade of Pakistani government efforts to recruit more women in police departments, policing in Pakistan remains an overwhelmingly masculine profession — with women making up less than 3 percent of the country’s police force, despite quotas in place. And for the policewomen who do serve, institutional barriers and societal prejudices have made career progression an increasingly uphill battle.

Type: Blog

GenderJustice, Security & Rule of Law

India and Pakistan Are Playing a Dangerous Game in the Indus Basin

India and Pakistan Are Playing a Dangerous Game in the Indus Basin

Thursday, February 23, 2023

By: Daniel Haines

On January 25, India sent a notice to Pakistan demanding the modification of the Indus Waters Treaty. Pakistan has so far refused to engage. The treaty, which India, Pakistan and the World Bank originally signed in 1960, allocates rights over the waters of several rivers in the Indus Basin to India and Pakistan.

Type: Analysis and Commentary

Conflict Analysis & PreventionEnvironment

View All Publications