The Quest for Democratic Security
The Role of the Council of Europe and U.S. Foreign Policy
Appendix 1: Evolution of Council of Europe Membership
May 5, 1949
Ten founding members: Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
August 9, 1949
Greece
March 7, 1950
Iceland
April 13, 1950
Turkey
May 2, 1951
Federal Republic of Germany
April 16, 1956
Austria
May 24, 1961
Cyprus
May 6, 1963
Switzerland
April 29, 1965
Malta
September 22, 1976
Portugal
November 24, 1977
Spain
November 23, 1978
Liechtenstein
November 16, 1988
San Marino
May 5, 1989
Finland
November 6, 1990
Hungary
February 21, 1991
Czechoslovakia*
November 26, 1991
Poland
May 7, 1992
Bulgaria
May 14, 1993
Estonia, Lithuania, Slovenia
June 30, 1993
Czech Republic, Slovakia
October 7, 1993
Romania
November 10, 1993
Andorra
February 10, 1995
Latvia
July 13, 1995
Albania, Moldova
November 9, 1995
Macedonia, Ukraine
February 28, 1996
Russia
November 6, 1996
Croatia
*The Czechoslovak Federation ceased to exist, by agreement between the two federated states, on December 31, 1992. The Czech Republic and the Republic of Slovakia, now independent, applied separately for Council of Europe membership and were admitted together in 1993.
