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Truth Commissions Digital Collection: Reports: Chile


Report of the Chilean
National Commission on
Truth and Reconciliation

Contents

Foreword
Introduction to the English Edition
Guide to the English Edition
Guide to the Editor's Notes
Acronyms
Introduction
Supreme Decree No. 355

PART ONE

Chapter One
Chapter Two

PART TWO

Chapter One
Chapter Two
Chapter Three
Chapter Four

PART THREE

Chapter One
Chapter Two
Chapter Three
Chapter Four
Chapter Five

PART FOUR

Chapter One
Chapter Two
Chapter Three
Chapter Four

APPENDICES

Appendix I:
Cases outside the Commission's mandate
Appendix II:
Statistics
Appendix III:
National Commission on Truth and Reconciliation Staff

 

APPENDICES

Appendix I

CASES OUTSIDE THE COMMISSION'S MANDATE

After carrying out a diligent investigation of the cases presented to it, the Commission came to the conclusion that 508 of them did not fit within the terms of the mandate conferred on it by its founding supreme decree. The criteria for ruling them out are explained in Part One, Chapter Two. The following are some of the kinds of cases most often ruled out:

  • Those of persons who were imprisoned and suffered mistreatment or torture and did not die, but who wanted to testify on their own cases;

  • Those of persons whom their families or human rights organizations said had disappeared because they had lost contact, but who were then proven to be still alive;

  • Those of old or sick people who disappeared under conditions that had no political overtones;

  • Accidental deaths erroneously attributed to political repression;

  • Accidental deaths of military and police while on duty;

  • Deaths of far left activists killed while handling explosive devices;

  • Deaths resulting from common crimes;

  • Deaths due to illness of people who had suffered political repression which their relatives regarded as due to torture but in which it was not possible to honestly establish a causal connection;

  • Suicides attributed to being under the pressure of being pursued politically and surrounded, in which it was not proven that the death was directly or immediately connected to being pursued and surrounded or with a situation that was inherently unlawful and violated human rights and which drove the person to decide to commit suicide;

  • Murders committed by government agents in which they were not carrying out their assigned duties and in which officials did not show tolerance, acceptance, or protection, and hence were not human rights violations.

Finally, it should be noted that along with a great deal of other information, some human rights organizations gave the Commission lists with the names of 449 more persons who could be the victims of some kind of human rights violations. However, nothing further was provided in the way of supporting evidence and neither those organizations nor the families of these alleged victims had made any accusations on the matter. Hence the Commission was unable to investigate any of these cases.

Appendix II
Statistics1

Table 1 DECISIONS MADE BY THE COMMISSION
Victims of human rights violations 2,115
Victims of political violence 164
TOTAL NUMBER OF VICTIMS 2,279
Cases in which the Commission could not come to conviction 641
TOTAL NUMBER OF CASES 2,920
In addition, the Commission received 508 cases which did not fit within its mandate and 449 in which only a name was provided and hence there was no basis for carrying out an investigation.

1. These statistics had to be prepared two days before completing the report. During those two days the Commission made some further decisions on cases, and hence these statistics might vary slightly (one percent) from the data themselves.

Table 2 VICTIMS OF HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS
Victims of government agents or persons at their service

A. Killed
  In war tribunals 59 2.8%
  During protests 93 4.4%
  During alleged escape attempts 101 4.8%
  Other executions and deaths by torture 815 38.5%
  TOTAL KILLED 1,068 50.5%
B. Disappeared after arrest 957 45.2%

Victims of politically motivated private citizens

  Killed 90 4.3%
  SUB-TOTAL OF VICTIMS 2,115 100.0%
Victims of political violence

  Killed in 1973 87 53.0%
  Killed in protests 38 23.2%
  Killed during gun battles, etc. 39 23.8%
  SUB-TOTAL OF VICTIMS 164 100.0%
  TOTAL OF VICTIMS 2,279  


Table 3 VICTIMS BY MARITAL STATUS
Single 960 42.1%
Married 1,172 51.5%
Widowed 12 0.5%
Unspecified 135 5.9%
TOTAL 2,279 100.0%


Table 4 VICTIMS BY GENDER
Female 126 5.5%
Male 2,153 94.5%
TOTAL 2,279 100.0%


Table 5 VICTIMS BY NATIONALITY
Chilean 2,228 97.76%
Spanish 5 0.22%
Argentinean 4 0.18%
Ecuadorian 4 0.18%
French 3 0.13%
Uruguayan 3 0.13%
Bolivian 3 0.13%
North American 3 0.13%
Chilean-French 2 0.09%
Brazilian 2 0.09%
Peruvian 1 0.04%
Venezuelan 1 0.04%
Mexican 1 0.04%
Italian 1 0.04%
Austrian 1 0.04%
Czech 1 0.04%
Vietnamese 1 0.04%
Chilean-Argentinean 1 0.04%
Chilean-Bolivian 1 0.04%
Chilean-British 1 0.04%
Unspecified 12 0.53%
TOTAL 2,279 100.00%


Table 6 VICTIMS BY AGE
Under 16 49 2.1%
16–20 269 11.8%
21–25 557 24.4%
26–30 512 22.4%
31–35 287 12.6%
36–40 152 6.7%
41–45 164 7.2%
46–50 97 4.3%
51–55 53 2.3%
56–60 34 1.5%
61–65 15 0.7%
66–70 8 0.4%
71–75 3 0.1%
Over 75 2 0.1%
Age unspecified 77 3.4%
TOTAL 2,279 100.0%


Table 7 VICTIMS BY POLITICAL ACTIVITY
Socialist party 405 17.8%
MIR 384 16.9%
Communist party 353 15.5%
MAPU 24 1.0%
FPMR 19 0.8%
Radical party 15 0.7%
Christian Democrat party 7 0.3%
Christian Left 5 0.2%
National party 4 0.2%
Other parties 15 0.7%
Not known to be politically active 1,048 46.0%
TOTAL 2,279 100.0%


Table 8 VICTIMS BY REGION AND YEAR
Place and date of death for those killed and of arrest for those who disappeared after arrest
Year Metropolitan
Region
Other
Regions
Other
Countries
TOTAL
1973 514 747 0 1,261
1974 244 62 3 309
1975 8 [sic] 28 4 119
1976 122 8 9 139
1977 7 13 5 25
1978 7 2 0 9
1979 10 3 0 13
1980 11 4 0 15
1981 20 14 2 36
1982 8 0 0 8
1983 67 15 0 82
1984 50 24 0 74
1985 38 12 0 50
1986 45 5 0 50
1987 31 3 0 34
1988 16 11 0 27
1989 19 7 0 26
1990 2 0 0 2
TOTAL 1,298 958 23 2,279


Table 9 VICTIMS BY OCCUPATION
Professional people 207
Administrators, managers, and high-level officials 45
Employees 305
Workers and peasants 686
Self-employed workers 314
Students 324
Armed Forces and Security Forces 132
Other occupations 226
Occupation unknown 40
 
TOTAL 2,279
Occupational Breakdown
 
Professional people 207 Nurses 2
Lawyers 13 Engineers 37
Architects 5 Doctors 24
Social Workers 5 Journalists 10
Building contractors 9 Professors 20
Teachers 71 Religious 3
Economists 3 Sociologists 5
 
Administrators, managers, and high-level officials 45 Private employees 305
Administrators 33 Secretaries 11
Business people 12 Other employees 294
 
Workers and small farmers 686 Self-employed 314
Domestic servants (maids) 3 Farmers 59
Carpenters 14 Artisans 61
Small farmers 65 Merchants 102
Drivers 33 Self-employed 85
Workers 571 Artists 7
 
Students 324 Armed Forces and Security Forces 132
Elementary school 17 Navy 3
High school 48 Police 69
University 165 Air Force 3
Others 94 Investigative Police 7
  DINA 1
Other occupations 226 Army 37
Homemakers 17 Unspecified 12
Other kinds of work 130  
Unemployed 48 No information 40
Retired 17  
Did not work 14  
 
TOTAL 2,279

Appendix III
The National Commission on Truth and Reconciliation Staff

LAWYERS
Pedro Aylwin Chiorrini
Sergio Corval´n Carrasco
Diana Chomali Richmagui
Verónica Escudero Ramos
Juan Franceschini Gallardo
Carlos Fresno Ortega
Gastón Gómez Bernales
Patrick Hamilton Planet
Pedro Mujica Barrientos
Cristóbal Orrego S´nchez
Paulina Ramos Vergara
Francisco Recabarren Medeiros
Cristi´n Riego Ramírez
Alejandro Salinas Rivera
Carlos Varas Vildosola
Juan Enríque Vargas Viancos
Rodrigo Zegers Reyes


SOCIAL WORKERS
Olga Gonz´lez Rodríguez
María Eugenia Puelma Alfaro
Verónica Risopatrón Encheñique
Paulina Saball Astaburuaga
Daniela S´nchez Sturmer
Paula Serrano Pérez


SUPPORT STAFF
Vicenter Arroyo Hern´ndez
Mauricio Barrera Rodríguez
José Contreras Silva
Alejandro Cartés Castillo
Pedro Fuentes Murillo
Aníbal Soza Soza


LAW SCHOOL GRADUATES AND LAW STUDENTS
Alvaro Anríquez Novoa
Magdalena Atria Barros
Virginia Barahona Lara
Ernesto Barros Gonz´lez
Mauricio Caussade Goycoolea
Walter Duhalde Valenzuela
Valeria Echeverría Vega
Augusto Gajardo V´squez
Gonzalo García Pino
Francisco Javier Jiménez Evans
Juan Esteban Laval Zaldívar
Marco Antonio Lillo de la Cruz
Matías Ovalle Andrade
Mario Ruíz Tagle Larraín
Andrés Sanfuentes Astaburuaga
Monserrat Sans Ballus
Rosa Tello Lagunas
Tom´s Vial Solar


DOCUMENTATION SPECIALISTS/RESEARCHERS
Elfriede Herbstaedt Yañez
Patricia Reyes Rossel
Johanna Sage Reyes
Ingrid Wittebroodt


COMPUTER SPECIALISTS
Ricardo Avila Bahamondes
Teresa C´ceres Fuentes
Gladys Largo Guzm´n
Francois Richard


SECRETARIES
Glafira Campos Herrera
Yheni León Bórquez
Virginia Urbina Saavedra
Gilda Vera Zamorano

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Posted by USIP Library on: October 4 2002
Source: Report of the Chilean National Commission on Truth and Reconciliation
(Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1993), vol. II/II, Appendices, 897-907.

Note: Digitized and posted by permission of the University of Notre Dame Press, February 22, 2000.

 


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